According to the WHO, there are nearly 50 million people with epilepsy
(PWE) worldwide and 80% of them reside in
developing countries.
Among them, nearly 12 million reside in India, amounting to nearly
one-fifth of the global burden.
The estimated proportion of the worldwide general population with active
epilepsy at a given time is between 4
and 10 per 1000 people; however, in low and middle-income countries, the
proportion is much higher, ranging
between 7 and 14 per 1000 people.
In low or middle income countries, up to 90% of people with epilepsy are
not given the correct treatment. This
is called the Treatment Gap.
The treatment gap in epilepsy in India ranges from 22% in the urban
setting to as high as 90% in villages.
An EEG (electroencephalogram) is the gold standard test used by
neurologists to diagnose or rule out
seizures/epilepsy.
An EEG test is helpful to diagnose and treat seizure disorders, to look
for the cause of confusion, and to
evaluate head injuries, tumors, infections, degenerative diseases, and
metabolic disturbances that affect the
brain.
It is also used to evaluate sleep disorders and to investigate periods
of unconsciousness.
EEG machines are now small enough, portable and inexpensive. They can be
installed in most clinics in need.
Similarly local staff can be trained to apply EEG electrodes to a
patient's scalp and carry out a good quality
routine EEG recording.
However, there are not enough people in the world trained to interpret
the EEG recording. With the establishment
of global communications through the Internet this problem can be
rectified. EEG files can be uploaded to a
server and then download by a qualified EEG interpreter anywhere in the
world. The EEG can be read and reported
on immediately.
Tele-EEG is a complete medical examination that upholds the same quality
criteria as a test performed in a local
setting
The implementation of a tele-EEG service must be defined by an agreement
between all relevant parties:
physicians, managing entities of the healthcare centers, and the company
providing the tele-EEG service.
Patients’ satisfaction: They have a better access to
high-level medical
care and save money by avoiding lengthy
trips to EEG-interpreting centers.
Satisfaction of healthcare personnel: This service is
also greatly
appreciated by medical teams who can use
tele-EEG in routine practice and thus offer patients better quality
local care. Local physicians can improve
their diagnostic capacities without having a specialized physician
onsite.
Research prospects: Among other things, it enables
teams to conduct
cohort studies on important populations of
patients, for example, in epilepsy.